Apparently everyone wants London to become a National Park City.
85% of Londoners think it’s a good idea, 203 of London’s wards have declared their support, and hundreds of community groups, businesses, charities and environmental organisations are keen. Not only was it one of Sadiq Khan’s election pledges as Mayor of London, it was an election pledge also made by most of his rivals. In fact, all this support might explain why it hasn’t made the headlines and TV breakfast shows it should have – perhaps editors find it a bit boring when everyone agrees on something.
But what exactly is a National Park City? Last night I went to the Southbank to hear it explained by a collection of the environmentalists, GPs, firefighters, therapists, economists, sewage experts, CEOs, conservationists, photographers, poets, geographers, architects, philanthropists and primary school beekeepers.
“This isn’t a conference,” begins Daniel Raven-Ellison, chief instigator of the National Park City idea, “This is a really big community centre.”
He clicks his pointer and the next powerpoint slide dominates the Royal Festival Hall:
1 in 7 species in the UK are at risk of extinction.
1 in 7 children in London haven’t visited a natural place to play in the last year.
The link seems obvious. On top of the damage that environmental isolation has on children’s mental and physical health, Raven-Ellison points out that this detachment also crushes the likelihood of young people wanting to protect nature and green spaces later on in life.
But despite these depressing statistics, London isn’t the ecological wasteland you might expect.
According to National Park City team, London currently has:
– 3,000 parks
– 850 km of streams, rivers and canals
– 144 nature reserves
– 3.8 million gardens
– 8.3 million trees
In this mosaic of habitats more than 13,000 species of wildlife survive, among them peregrine falcons, fastest animals on our entire planet, carnivores able to annihilate pigeons at speeds of over 200mph.
That said, London’s urban ecology faces pressures like never before. The country has a national extinction crisis on its hands, with 60% of species declining. Increasing numbers of households are paving over their front gardens and sterilising their back gardens with plastic astroturf. Meanwhile, London’s population is expected to increase by another fifth, reaching 11 million residents by 2050.
All this, and the National Park City initiative remains optimistic. Bucking environmental preconceptions, they don’t see a conflict between human settlement and wildlife habitat. Not only do they want to protect what we’ve already got, they want to increase London’s green spaces from 47% of the total area to over 50%, while ensuring that every single Londoner is secured free and easy access to these spaces. They hope to learn lessons from cities like Singapore and Vancouver, whose waters are clean enough to support families of otters. Perhaps most exciting of all, the National Park City people imagine rivers that are safe for humans to swim in.
There is no shortage of “selfish” benefits that come with wilder, greener city spaces. Study after study highlights the positive effect of nature-based activities on mental health. And then there’s the obvious bodily benefits. And then there’s the countless, immeasurable benefits of community cohesion and democratic interaction. And then there’s the exciting potential for re-localised food systems. All of this of course, underpinned by the broader ethos of reducing our ecological footprint, as individuals and as a city, and in turn preserving the breathing atmosphere in which any imaginable benefit depends upon.
Once established, the Greater London National Park City Partnership is asking for around £4 million a year to run. While this might sound like a lot, the initiative is quick to point out that £4 million is about how much it costs to run a medium-sized secondary school. It’s also about the same amount that rural National Parks already get. Considering the trailing list of benefits, this works out as around 46p per London resident.
Incredibly, even though the 46p levy seems tiny, the initiative’s official proposal states that:
“This [£4 million] will be funded entirely through corporate sponsorship, private giving and the provision of services. It is not proposed that London councils or central Government fund the Greater London National Park City Partnership.”
Back in the Royal Festival Hall, suspicion of corporate sponsorship hits a few nerves in the audience of Londoners. Heckling from the back of the auditorium, someone starts waving a laminated sign and shouting about the Garden Bridge – a controversial project also promoting a greener London, though entirely separate to the National Park City initiative and dramatically less popular.
Trying not to burn too many bridges, Raven-Ellison says something diplomatic about people having “all sorts of views” on the Garden Bridge. Smelling the tension in the auditorium, comedian host Josie Long takes this as her cue to whisper her opinion into her microphone, “I think it’s a bad idea.”
The audience – a substantial part of it anyway – erupts in applause and cheery woops.
“I’m very happy to say that if I had the money to spend on the Garden Bridge, I would invest it in two hundred parks across London,” smiles Raven-Ellison, “No! I’d invest it in a thousand parks across London, I’d fund the National Park City for 200 years.”
In many ways, the National Park City proposal can be seen as the grassroots alternative to the Garden Bridge.
On the one hand, we have a £185 million proposal for a 367 metre pedestrian bridge, imagined by a famous actress who, speaking to the BBC in 2013, boasted to have known the then Mayor of London Boris Johnson since he was four years old, making him “largely quite amenable” to the project.
On the other hand, we have a proposal asking for just 1-3% of the cost of a Garden Bridge, which promises to steer thousands of organisations and individuals that it has already united towards benefiting a city of 8.7 million people.
While there’s no reason to suggest the National Park City model couldn’t be replicated across the British Isles, there will be those living in the rest of the country who see this is another example of policy treating London as the centre of the universe. Such criticism perhaps misses the point. As the economist Andrew Simms suggests, in a slightly convoluted and cosmological sense of things, London already is the centre of the universe:
“We desperately search for life out there. I bet if they found life on Mars, a single blade of grass, there’d be ecstasy at Ground Control, media jubilation, trillions thrown into research and exploration. Yet, at the same time, we push a mass extinction event on the glorious abundance of life on our home planet. We need to realise that we are the life we’re waiting to discover out there, and we should celebrate, cherish and protect it, right here where we are in London.”
If you have a story or would like to contribute to The London Economic click here
